Optimization of Muscle Activity for Task-Level Goals Predicts Complex Changes in Limb Forces across Biomechanical Contexts
Figure 9
Observed and predicted changes in muscle tuning curve magnitude and direction across postural configurations.
A: Comparison of muscle tuning curve magnitude scaling across postural configurations observed in cat bi with scaling predicted by models MMm, SMe, and SMc. Data points for individual muscles are shown as filled circles. B: Comparison of muscle tuning curve peak direction shift across postural configurations observed in cat bi with direction shifts predicted in models MMm, SMe, and SMc. Note that although SMc predicted increased tuning curve shifting compared to MMe, none of the models predicted significantly increased shifting compared to experimental data. ns, p>0.05; *, P<0.05; ANOVA, post hoc tests.