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Frequency-Dependent Selection Predicts Patterns of Radiations and Biodiversity
Figure 4
Radiations, number of species, and diversity (data).
a, Empirical (black circles) and predicted (red, 
CI, Methods) species number and speciation events through time for the 
cichlid genus [61] in the Lake Barombi Mbo Lake. The best fit is given by the frequency-dependent selection model (
, 
and 
= 7.8 (
= 9.8 for the model without frequency-dependent selection, see Methods). Inset in a is the relative species abundance at stationarity given by the parameter combination that best describe the data. b, Empirical (black circles) and predicted (red, 
CI) species number and speciation events through time for the Darwin's finches [20]. The model without frequency-dependent selection has a slightly lower minimized value than the model with frequency-dependent selection (
, 
and 
= 15.8 vs. 
= 15.9 for the model with frequency-dependent selection). Inset in b is the relative species abundance at stationarity given by the parameter combination that best describe the data. Bottom, Parameter combinations explored for the 
genus (left) and the Darwin's finches (right). Coloring indicates the likelihood value associated with different combinations of parameter values, with the region of “best fit” given by the dark blue area (Methods). The surface was plotted as log(
) for better clarity of the isoclines. Note that 
applies to a broad range of plausible empirical values of 
and 
.
doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000892.g004