Alignment-free prediction of cross-reactivity in influenza A (H3N2) anticipates antigenic drift

• Alpha Forna ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: alpha.forna@uga.edu

  Affiliations Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4485-8511

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• Lambodhar Damodaran,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Christian E. Gunning,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Parnian Rahimi,

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for Influenza Disease & Emergence Research (CIDER), Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Aarya Venkat,

  Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Natarajan Kannan,

  Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Rebecca Kondor,

  Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing, Conceptualization

  Affiliation Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

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• Justin Bahl,

  Roles Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing, Investigation, Conceptualization, Funding acquisition

  Affiliations Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for Influenza Disease & Emergence Research (CIDER), Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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• Pejman Rohani ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pejman Rohani, John M. Drake

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for Influenza Disease & Emergence Research (CIDER), Athens, Georgia, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7221-3801

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• John M. Drake

  Contributed equally to this work with: Pejman Rohani, John M. Drake

  Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for the Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America, Center for Influenza Disease & Emergence Research (CIDER), Athens, Georgia, United States of America

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