Impact of waning immunity against SARS-CoV-2 severity exacerbated by vaccine hesitancy

• Chadi M. Saad-Roy ,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: csaadroy@berkeley.edu

  Affiliations Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-3071

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• Sinead E. Morris,

  Roles Investigation, Software, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8626-1698

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• Mike Boots,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America, Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom

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• Rachel E. Baker,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Brown School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America

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• Bryan L. Lewis,

  Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Network Systems Science and Advanced Computing Division, Biocomplexity Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

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• Jeremy Farrar,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation The Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom

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• Madhav V. Marathe,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Network Systems Science and Advanced Computing Division, Biocomplexity Institute, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America, Department of Computer Science, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America

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• Andrea L. Graham,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

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• Simon A. Levin,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

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• Caroline E. Wagner,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada

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• C. Jessica E. Metcalf,

  Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

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• Bryan T. Grenfell

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America

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