Interactions between all pairs of neighboring trees in 16 forests worldwide reveal details of unique ecological processes in each forest, and provide windows into their evolutionary histories

• Christopher Wills ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher Wills, Bin Wang

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

  * E-mail: cwills@ucsd.edu

  Affiliation Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4932-3703

  ⨯
• Bin Wang ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Christopher Wills, Bin Wang

  Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin

  ⨯
• Shuai Fang,

  Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang

  ⨯
• Yunquan Wang,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration

  Affiliations College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6022-2340

  ⨯
• Yi Jin,

  Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software

  Affiliation College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou

  ⨯
• James Lutz,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-0710

  ⨯
• Jill Thompson,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, Scotland

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4370-2593

  ⨯
• Kyle E. Harms,

  Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Los Angeles, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sandeep Pulla,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliations Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India, National Centre for Biological Sciences, GKVK Campus, Bengaluru, India

  ⨯
• Bonifacio Pasion,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-6326

  ⨯
• Sara Germain,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

  Affiliation Department of Wildland Resources, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5804-9793

  ⨯
• Heming Liu,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Validation

  Affiliation Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai

  ⨯
• Joseph Smokey,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland, Canada

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0224-3992

  ⨯
• Sheng-Hsin Su,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Resources

  Affiliation Institute of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei

  ⨯
• Nathalie Butt,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliations School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-6191

  ⨯
• Chengjin Chu,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou

  ⨯
• George Chuyong,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, University of Buea, Cameroon

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0235-211X

  ⨯
• Chia-Hao Chang-Yang,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources

  Affiliation Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3635-4946

  ⨯
• H. S. Dattaraja,

  Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bengaluru, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1140-5700

  ⨯
• Stuart Davies,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America

  ⨯
• Sisira Ediriweera,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation Faculty of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2270-6085

  ⨯
• Shameema Esufali,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Botany, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya Sri Lanka

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6522-0050

  ⨯
• Christine Dawn Fletcher,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong Selangor, Malaysia

  ⨯
• Nimal Gunatilleke,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya Sri Lanka

  ⨯
• Savi Gunatilleke,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration

  Affiliation Dept. of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya Sri Lanka

  ⨯
• Chang-Fu Hsieh,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei

  ⨯
• Fangliang He,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou

  ⨯
• Stephen Hubbell,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

  ⨯
• Zhanqing Hao ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  ¶‡ Unavailable.

  Affiliation Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang

  ⨯
• Akira Itoh,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi Ku, Osaka, Japan

  ⨯
• David Kenfack,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Center for Tropical Forest Science–Forest Global Earth Observatory (CTFS-ForestGEO), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, NMNH—MRC, Washington, DC, United States of America

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8208-3388

  ⨯
• Buhang Li,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou

  ⨯
• Xiankun Li,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration

  Affiliation Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin

  ⨯
• Keping Ma,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing

  ⨯
• Michael Morecroft,

  Roles Data curation, Project administration, Resources

  Affiliation Natural England Mail Hub, County Hall, Worcester, United Kingdom

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7978-5554

  ⨯
• Xiangcheng Mi,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration

  Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing

  ⨯
• Yadvinder Malhi,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation School of Geography and the Environment, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Perry Ong †,

  † Deceased.

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  ¶‡ Unavailable.

  Affiliation Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines

  ⨯
• Lillian Jennifer Rodriguez,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0789-1948

  ⨯
• H. S. Suresh,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration

  Affiliations Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4753-3595

  ⨯
• I Fang Sun,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien

  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9749-8324

  ⨯
• Raman Sukumar,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Divecha Centre for Climate Change, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9941-1373

  ⨯
• Sylvester Tan ,

  Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration

  ¶‡ Unavailable.

  Affiliation Forest Department Sarawak, Bangunan Wisma Sumber Alam, Jalan Stadium, Petra Jaya, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

  ⨯
• Duncan Thomas,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington State University, Vancouver, Washington State, United States of America

  ⨯
• Maria Uriarte,

  Roles Data curation, Methodology, Project administration

  Affiliation Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York city, New York, United States of America

  ⨯
• Xihua Wang,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6873-4735

  ⨯
• Xugao Wang,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang

  ⨯
• T. L. Yao,

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong Selangor, Malaysia

  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5274-1623

  ⨯
•  [ ... ],
• Jess Zimmermann

  Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Project administration

  Affiliation Dept of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, San Juan, PR, United States of America

  ⨯
• [ view all ]
• [ view less ]