About the Authors

Jiancheng Zhang

Contributed equally to this work with: Jiancheng Zhang, Xiangting Li, Xiaolu Guo

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California, United States of America

Xiangting Li

Contributed equally to this work with: Jiancheng Zhang, Xiangting Li, Xiaolu Guo

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Xiaolu Guo

Contributed equally to this work with: Jiancheng Zhang, Xiangting Li, Xiaolu Guo

Roles Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

xiaoluguo@g.ucla.edu (XG); tomchou@ucla.edu (TC); mxia4@uh.edu (MX)

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG) and Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Zhaoyi You

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Ray and Stephanie Lane Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Lucas Böttcher

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Computational Science and Philosophy, Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Laboratory for Systems Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America

Alex Mogilner

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America

Alexander Hoffmann

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics (MIMG) and Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Tom Chou

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

xiaoluguo@g.ucla.edu (XG); tomchou@ucla.edu (TC); mxia4@uh.edu (MX)

Affiliations Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Mingtao Xia

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

xiaoluguo@g.ucla.edu (XG); tomchou@ucla.edu (TC); mxia4@uh.edu (MX)

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.