About the Authors

Jiaqi Hu

Contributed equally to this work with: Jiaqi Hu, Yixuan Ye

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors contributed equally to the paper.

Affiliation Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Yixuan Ye

Contributed equally to this work with: Jiaqi Hu, Yixuan Ye

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

☯ These authors contributed equally to the paper.

Affiliation Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Chi Zhang

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Yunfeng Ruan

Roles Methodology

Affiliations Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Pradeep Natarajan

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision

Affiliations Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Hongyu Zhao

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

hongyu.zhao@yale.edu

Affiliations Program of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal's policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: P.N. has received research grants from Allelica, Amgen, Apple, Boston Scientific, Genentech/Roche, and Novartis. P.N. has also received personal fees from Allelica, Apple, AstraZeneca, Blackstone Life Sciences, Creative Education Concepts, CRISPR Therapeutics, Eli Lilly & Co, Foresite Labs, Genentech/Roche, GV, HeartFlow, Magnet Biomedicine, Merck, and Novartis. In addition, P.N. serves on the scientific advisory boards of Esperion Therapeutics, Preciseli, and TenSixteen Bio, is a scientific co-founder of TenSixteen Bio, and holds equity in MyOme, Preciseli, and TenSixteen Bio. P.N. also has a spousal employment relationship with Vertex Pharmaceuticals. All of these relationships are unrelated to the present work.