About the Authors

Yong Dam Jeong

Contributed equally to this work with: Yong Dam Jeong, William S. Hart, Robin N. Thompson, Shingo Iwami

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, Department of Applied Mathematics, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea

William S. Hart

Contributed equally to this work with: Yong Dam Jeong, William S. Hart, Robin N. Thompson, Shingo Iwami

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Masahiro Ishikane

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Disease Control and Prevention Centre, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan

Kwang Su Kim

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Science System Simulation, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea

Jong Hyuk Byun

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Mathematics and Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea, Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea

Il Hyo Jung

Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mathematics and Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea

Montie T. Harrison

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

Kazuyuki Aihara

Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Norio Ohmagari

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Disease Control and Prevention Centre, National Centre for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Tokyo, Japan

Christopher B. Brooke

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America

Ruian Ke

Roles Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

Robin N. Thompson

Contributed equally to this work with: Yong Dam Jeong, William S. Hart, Robin N. Thompson, Shingo Iwami

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

robin.thompson@maths.ox.ac.uk (RNT); iwami.iblab@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (SI)

Affiliation Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Shingo Iwami

Contributed equally to this work with: Yong Dam Jeong, William S. Hart, Robin N. Thompson, Shingo Iwami

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

robin.thompson@maths.ox.ac.uk (RNT); iwami.iblab@bio.nagoya-u.ac.jp (SI)

Affiliations Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan, NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan, Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.