About the Authors

Andrew A. Schmidt

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Alexander Y. Grosberg

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, New York, United States of America

Anna Grosberg

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

grosberg@uci.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, UCI Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center (CIRC), University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, The NSF-Simons Center for Multiscale Cell Fate Research and Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center and Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.