About the Authors

Shihan Ma

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Irene Mendez Guerra

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Arnault Hubert Caillet

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Jiamin Zhao

Roles Data curation

Affiliation State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Alexander Kenneth Clarke

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Kostiantyn Maksymenko

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Neurodec, Sophia Antipolis, France

Samuel Deslauriers-Gauthier

Roles Data curation

Affiliations Neurodec, Sophia Antipolis, France, Inria Centre at Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France

Xinjun Sheng

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Meta Robotics Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Xiangyang Zhu

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration

Affiliations State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China, Meta Robotics Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

Dario Farina

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

d.farina@imperial.ac.uk

Affiliation Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

• I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Kostiantyn Maksymenko and Samuel Deslauriers-Gauthier are the co-founders of the company Neurodec; all other authors have no competing interests.