About the Authors

Oualid El Hajouji

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America, Institute for Computational & Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Ran S. Sun

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors share first authorship on this work.

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Alban Zammit

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America, Institute for Computational & Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Keith Humphreys

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Innovation to Implementation, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto California, United States of America, Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Steven M. Asch

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America, Center for Innovation to Implementation, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Palo Alto California, United States of America

Ian Carroll

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Catherine M. Curtin

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Surgery, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park California, United States of America, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Tina Hernandez-Boussard

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

boussard@stanford.edu

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.