About the Authors

Xinyu Gu

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Nicholas P. Schafer

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Carlos Bueno

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Wei Lu

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Peter G. Wolynes

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

pwolynes@rice.edu

Affiliations Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.