About the Authors

Lin Zhang

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Likai Chen

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Xiaoqian (Annie) Yu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Claire Duvallet

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Siavash Isazadeh

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Chengzhen Dai

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation SENSEable City Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Shinkyu Park

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation SENSEable City Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Katya Frois-Moniz

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Fabio Duarte

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation SENSEable City Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Carlo Ratti

Roles Funding acquisition, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation SENSEable City Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Eric J. Alm

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Fangqiong Ling

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

fangqiong@wustl.edu

Affiliations Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America, Division of Computational and Data Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: E.J.A has an equity stake in Biobot Analytics. C. Duvallet is employed by Biobot Analytics.