About the Authors

Niksa Praljak

Contributed equally to this work with: Niksa Praljak, Shamreen Iram

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Physics, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Shamreen Iram

Contributed equally to this work with: Niksa Praljak, Shamreen Iram

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Utku Goreke

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Gundeep Singh

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Ailis Hill

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Resources

Affiliation Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Umut A. Gurkan

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

umut@case.edu (UAG); mxh605@case.edu (MH)

Affiliations Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Michael Hinczewski

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

umut@case.edu (UAG); mxh605@case.edu (MH)

Affiliation Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: UAG and Case Western Reserve University have financial interests in BioChip Labs Inc. (Cleveland, Ohio). BioChip Labs Inc. offers commercial clinical microfluidic biomarker assays for inherited or acquired blood disorders. Financial interests include licensed intellectual property, stock ownership, research funding, employment, and consulting. UAG and Case Western Reserve University have financial interests in Xatek Inc. (Cleveland, Ohio). Xatek Inc. offers point-of-care global assays to evaluate the hemostatic process. Financial interests include licensed intellectual property and stock ownership. UAG and Case Western Reserve University have financial interests in Hemex Health Inc. (Portland, Oregon). Hemex Health Inc. offers point-of-care diagnostics for hemoglobin disorders, anemia, and malaria. Financial interests include licensed intellectual property, stock ownership, research funding, employment, and consulting. UAG has financial interests in DxNow Inc. (Gaithersburg, MD). DxNow Inc. offers microfluidic and bio-imaging technologies for in vitro fertilization, forensics, and diagnostics. Financial interests include licensed intellectual property and stock ownership. Competing interests of Case Western Reserve University employees are overseen and managed by the Conflict of Interests Committee according to a Conflict-of-Interest Management Plan. A patent application has been filed related to the methods discussed in this work.