About the Authors

Shixin Xu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Duke Kunshan University, 8 Duke Ave., Suzhou, China, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for Quantitative Analysis and Modeling (CQAM), The Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, 222 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Joshua C. Chang

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

josh.chang@nih.gov (JCC); hhuang@yorku.ca (HH)

Affiliations Laboratory of Biological Modeling, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland, United States of America, Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland, United States of America, mederrata, Columbus Ohio, United States of America

Carson C. Chow

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory of Biological Modeling, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda Maryland, United States of America

KC Brennan

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Huaxiong Huang

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

josh.chang@nih.gov (JCC); hhuang@yorku.ca (HH)

Affiliations Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Centre for Quantitative Analysis and Modeling (CQAM), The Fields Institute for Research in Mathematical Sciences, 222 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Research Center for Mathematics, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University (Zhuhai), Guangdong, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.