About the Authors

Jiayin Hong

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China

Bo Hua

Roles Conceptualization, Validation

Affiliation Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Michael Springer

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

michael_springer@hms.harvard.edu (MS); tangc@pku.edu.cn (CT)

Affiliation Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Chao Tang

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

michael_springer@hms.harvard.edu (MS); tangc@pku.edu.cn (CT)

Affiliations Center for Quantitative Biology and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.