About the Authors

Haitao Chai

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Institute for Financial Studies, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Hongmei Jiang

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Statistics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America

Lu Lin

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute for Financial Studies, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China

Lei Liu

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

lei.liu@wustl.edu

Affiliations Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America, Division of Biostatistics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.