About the Authors

Dominik Thalmeier

Affiliation Donders Institute, Department of Biophysics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands

Marvin Uhlmann

Affiliations Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Department for Neurobiology of Language, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Donders Institute, Department for Neuroinformatics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands

Hilbert J. Kappen

Affiliation Donders Institute, Department of Biophysics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands

Raoul-Martin Memmesheimer

rm3354@cumc.columbia.edu

Affiliations Donders Institute, Department for Neuroinformatics, Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands, Center for Theoretical Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Wrote the paper: DT MU HJK RMM. Developed the spiking network models and the learning methods: DT MU RMM. Performed numerical simulations: MU DT. Supervised the work: HJK RMM.