About the Authors

Casimir Emako

Affiliation Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INRIA, UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, Equipe MAMBA, Paris, France

Charlène Gayrard

Affiliation Institut Jacques Monod - UMR 7592, CNRS Université Denis Diderot, Paris, France

Axel Buguin

‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Laboratoire Physico-chimie Curie, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, UPMC Univ. Paris 6, CNRS UMR 168, Paris, France

Luís Neves de Almeida

luis.almeida@upmc.fr

‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INRIA, UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, Equipe MAMBA, Paris, France

Nicolas Vauchelet

‡ These authors are joint senior authors on this work.

Affiliation Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, INRIA, UMR 7598, Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, Equipe MAMBA, Paris, France

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AB CG. Performed the experiments: AB CG. Analyzed the data: AB CE LNdA NV. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AB CE LNdA NV. Wrote the paper: AB CE LNdA NV. Conceived the research project: AB CE LNdA NV. Developed and studied the mathematical model: CE LNdA NV. Supervised the Research: AB LNdA NV.