About the Authors

Tian Hong

Contributed equally to this work with: Tian Hong, Kazuhide Watanabe

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Kazuhide Watanabe

Contributed equally to this work with: Tian Hong, Kazuhide Watanabe

Affiliations Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Catherine Ha Ta

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Alvaro Villarreal-Ponce

Affiliations Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Qing Nie

qnie@math.uci.edu (QN); xdai@uci.edu (XD)

Affiliations Department of Mathematics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Xing Dai

qnie@math.uci.edu (QN); xdai@uci.edu (XD)

Affiliations Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America, Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: TH KW QN XD. Performed the experiments: TH KW CHT AVP. Analyzed the data: TH KW CHT AVP. Wrote the paper: TH KW QN XD.