About the Authors

John R. Houser

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Craig Barnhart

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Daniel R. Boutz

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Sean M. Carroll

Current address: Pronutria Biosciences, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Aurko Dasgupta

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Joshua K. Michener

Current address: Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Brittany D. Needham

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Ophelia Papoulas

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Viswanadham Sridhara

Affiliation Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Dariya K. Sydykova

Affiliation Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Christopher J. Marx

Affiliations Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Center for Systems Biology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America, Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America

M. Stephen Trent

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America

Jeffrey E. Barrick

jbarrick@cm.utexas.edu (JEB); marcotte@icmb.utexas.edu (EMM); wilke@austin.utexas.edu (COW)

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Edward M. Marcotte

jbarrick@cm.utexas.edu (JEB); marcotte@icmb.utexas.edu (EMM); wilke@austin.utexas.edu (COW)

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Claus O. Wilke

jbarrick@cm.utexas.edu (JEB); marcotte@icmb.utexas.edu (EMM); wilke@austin.utexas.edu (COW)

Affiliations Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America, Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: JRH CJM MST JEB EMM COW. Performed the experiments: JRH CB DRB SMC JKM AD BDN OP VS DKS. Analyzed the data: JRH BDN VS DKS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JRH CB DRB DKS. Wrote the paper: JRH VS CJM MST JEB EMM COW.