About the Authors

David W. P. Dolan

Contributed equally to this work with: David W. P. Dolan, Anze Zupanic

Affiliations School of Biological and Biomedical Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom, Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Anze Zupanic

Contributed equally to this work with: David W. P. Dolan, Anze Zupanic

Affiliations Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Eawag—Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

Glyn Nelson

Affiliation Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Philip Hall

Affiliation Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Satomi Miwa

Affiliation Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Thomas B. L. Kirkwood

Affiliation Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Daryl P. Shanley

daryl.shanley@ncl.ac.uk

Affiliation Centre for Integrative Systems Biology of Ageing and Nutrition, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AZ DWPD GN PH SM DPS. Performed the experiments: DWPD GN PH SM. Analyzed the data: AZ DWPD. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: GN SM. Wrote the paper: DWPD AZ GN PH SM TBLK DPS. Constructed the models: AZ DWPD. Performed the simulations and the analysis: DWPD AZ.