About the Authors

Omar Al Hammal

Affiliation School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom

David Alonso

Affiliations School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, Center for Advanced Studies (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain

Rampal S. Etienne

Affiliation Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

Stephen J. Cornell

stephen.cornell@liverpool.ac.uk

Affiliations School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (current address)

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: OAH DA RSE SJC. Performed the experiments: OAH DA SJC. Analyzed the data: OAH SJC DA. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: DA RSE. Wrote the paper: OAH DA RSE SJC.