About the Authors

Ruian Ke

rke.work@gmail.com (RK); jlloydsmith@ucla.edu (JOLS)

Current address: MS-K710, T-6 Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, United States of America

Affiliation Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Claude Loverdo

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, CNRS/UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8237, Laboratoire Jean Perrin LJP, Paris, France

Hangfei Qi

Affiliation Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

Ren Sun

Affiliations Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, The Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Emeryville, California, United States of America, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

James O. Lloyd-Smith

rke.work@gmail.com (RK); jlloydsmith@ucla.edu (JOLS)

Affiliations Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RK RS JOLS. Analyzed the data: RK CL. Wrote the paper: RK CL HQ RS JOLS.