About the Authors

Robert Ietswaart

Contributed equally to this work with: Robert Ietswaart, Florian Szardenings

Affiliation Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom

Florian Szardenings

Contributed equally to this work with: Robert Ietswaart, Florian Szardenings

Affiliation Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom

Kenn Gerdes

Affiliations Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Martin Howard

martin.howard@jic.ac.uk

Affiliation Computational and Systems Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RI FS KG MH. Performed the experiments: FS. Analyzed the data: RI FS. Wrote the paper: RI FS KG MH. Constructed the theory: RI MH. Built the computational models: RI.