About the Authors

Regina Joice

Contributed equally to this work with: Regina Joice, Vagheesh Narasimhan

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Vagheesh Narasimhan

Contributed equally to this work with: Regina Joice, Vagheesh Narasimhan

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Jacqui Montgomery

Affiliations Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Amar Bir Sidhu

Affiliation The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Keunyoung Oh

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Evan Meyer

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Willythssa Pierre-Louis

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Karl Seydel

Affiliations College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America, Blantyre Malaria Project, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi

Danny Milner

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Kim Williamson

Affiliation Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Roger Wiegand

Affiliation The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Daouda Ndiaye

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal

Johanna Daily

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, New York, United States of America

Dyann Wirth

Affiliations Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Terrie Taylor

Affiliations College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America, Blantyre Malaria Project, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi

Curtis Huttenhower

chuttenh@hsph.harvard.edu (CH); mmarti@hsph.harvard.edu (MM)

Affiliations Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America

Matthias Marti

chuttenh@hsph.harvard.edu (CH); mmarti@hsph.harvard.edu (MM)

Affiliation Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: RJ VN DW CH MM. Performed the experiments: RJ VN ABS KO EM WPL. Analyzed the data: RJ VN DW CH MM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: JM KS DM KW RW DN JD DW TT VN CH RJ MM. Wrote the paper: RJ VN CH MM.