About the Authors

David Managadze

Contributed equally to this work with: David Managadze, Alexander E. Lobkovsky

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Alexander E. Lobkovsky

Contributed equally to this work with: David Managadze, Alexander E. Lobkovsky

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Yuri I. Wolf

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Svetlana A. Shabalina

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Igor B. Rogozin

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Eugene V. Koonin

koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Affiliation National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: YIW IBR EVK. Performed the experiments: DM SAS IBR. Analyzed the data: DM AEL SAS IBR EVK. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AEL. Wrote the paper: DM EVK.