About the Authors

Patrick Garrigan

Contributed equally to this work with: Patrick Garrigan, Charles P. Ratliff

patrick.garrigan@sju.edu

Affiliation Department of Psychology, Saint Joseph's University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Charles P. Ratliff

Contributed equally to this work with: Patrick Garrigan, Charles P. Ratliff

Affiliations Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Department of Opthalmology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Jennifer M. Klein

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Peter Sterling

Affiliation Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

David H. Brainard

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Vijay Balasubramanian

Affiliations Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania United States of America, Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: PG CPR PS DHB VB. Performed the experiments: PG CPR DHB. Analyzed the data: PG CPR DHB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: PG CPR JMK DHB VB. Wrote the paper: PG CPR PS DHB VB.