Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of younger and older adult participants.
Fig 1.
Notes; SPT = Speech preparation task, AT = Arithmetic task, T0 = baseline assessment of NA, T1 = post-induction assessment, T2 post-intervention assessment, Intervention = listening to self-chosen music, Active control = Listening to a radio documentary.
Table 2.
Genres of music selected for the function of affect regulation by 40 older adults and 40 younger adults.
Table 3.
Independent samples t-tests comparing the control and intervention group, and the younger and older adult samples on their baseline level of self-reported NA by VAS.
Table 4.
Descriptive statistics for 80 participants baseline affect (Time 1) and post-induction affect (Time 2), and results of paired samples t-tests demonstrating efficacy of na induction.
Table 5.
Results of 2x2 ANOVA demonstrating no significant group or age differences in reactivity to a NA induction.
Table 6.
Results of a 2x2 Between Subject ANCOVA evaluating the efficacy of a music listening intervention versus active control for 40 younger adults and 40 older adults.
Table 7.
Means and SD for the control and intervention group, and the younger and older adult samples on level of self-reported NA measured at three timepoints.
Table 8.
Descriptive statistics for all study variables for 40 participants included in regression analyses.
Table 9.
Hierarchical multiple regression examining the predictive effect of the adaptive functions of music listening scale in 20 younger and 20 older adults assigned to a self-chosen music listening intervention.
Table 10.
Hierarchical multiple regression examining the influence of familiarity of music and music-specific efficacy beliefs on negative affect regulation in 20 younger adults and 20 older adults assigned to a self-chosen music listening intervention.