Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis patients (n = 27) by response to etanercept therapy at six months.
Fig 1.
1H-NMR metabolomic fingerprinting of RA patients before treatment with etanercept.
(A) score plot from PCA analysis according to EULAR-ESR; (B) score plot from PCA analysis according to EULAR-CRP; for A and B white circles represent good responders, gray circles represent moderate responders, black circles represent non-responders. (C) score plot from OPLS-DA separating responder and non-responder patients according to both EULAR-ESR and EULAR-CRP criteria. White circles represent responders (good and moderate) and black circles represent non-responders. (D) score plot from OPLS-DA separating good, moderate, and non-responders according to EULAR-ESR; (E) score plot from OPLS-DA separating good, moderate, and non-responders according to EULAR-CRP criteria, respectively; for D and E white circles represent good responders, gray circles represent moderate responders, black circles represent non-responders.
Table 2.
Variability of the metabolomic profiles in terms of potential confounding variables in the four principal components identified by PCA and expressed as F-values together with the corresponding p-values (in brackets).
Table 3.
Variability of metabolomic profiles in terms of variables related to clinical and laboratory parameters in the four principal components identified and expressed as F-values together with the corresponding p-values (in brackets).
Table 4.
Changes in metabolites in the three groups of patients classified according to EULAR-ESR criteria (good, moderate, and non-responders) after etanercept therapy, as determined by OPLS-DA VIP analysis.
Fig 2.
Etanercept caused changes in the metabolism of good responder patients according to EULAR-ESR criteria.
Both unsupervised (A) (PCA) and supervised analysis (B)(OPLS-DA) revealed a good separation between serum spectra of patients with a good response to etanercept therapy collected at baseline (white circles) and after six months of treatment (black circles).