Removing Batch Effects from Longitudinal Gene Expression - Quantile Normalization Plus ComBat as Best Approach for Microarray Transcriptome Data

• Christian Müller,

  Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

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• Arne Schillert,

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

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• Caroline Röthemeier,

  Affiliation Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany

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• David-Alexandre Trégouët,

  Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

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• Carole Proust,

  Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

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• Harald Binder,

  Affiliation Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI) at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany

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• Norbert Pfeiffer,

  Affiliation Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55131, Germany

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• Manfred Beutel,

  Affiliation Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany

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• Karl J. Lackner,

  Affiliation Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany

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• Renate B. Schnabel,

  Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

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• Laurence Tiret,

  Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

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• Philipp S. Wild,

  Affiliations Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Rhine Main, Mainz, 55131, Germany

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• Stefan Blankenberg,

  Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

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• Tanja Zeller ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Tanja Zeller, Andreas Ziegler

  Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

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• Andreas Ziegler

  Contributed equally to this work with: Tanja Zeller, Andreas Ziegler

  * E-mail: ziegler@imbs.uni-luebeck.de

  Affiliations Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany, Center for Clinical Trials, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany

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