About the Authors

Christian Müller

Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

Arne Schillert

Affiliations Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

Caroline Röthemeier

Affiliation Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany

David-Alexandre Trégouët

Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

Carole Proust

Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

Harald Binder

Affiliation Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI) at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany

Norbert Pfeiffer

Affiliation Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, 55131, Germany

Manfred Beutel

Affiliation Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Karl J. Lackner

Affiliation Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany

Renate B. Schnabel

Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

Laurence Tiret

Affiliations Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche(UMR) enSanté 1166, F-75013, Paris, France, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), F-75013 Paris, France, Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC Univ Paris 06), UMR_S1166, Team Genomics & Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013, Paris, France

Philipp S. Wild

Affiliations Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Center for Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany, Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, 55131, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Rhine Main, Mainz, 55131, Germany

Stefan Blankenberg

Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

Tanja Zeller

Contributed equally to this work with: Tanja Zeller, Andreas Ziegler

Affiliations Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, 20246, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany

Andreas Ziegler

Contributed equally to this work with: Tanja Zeller, Andreas Ziegler

ziegler@imbs.uni-luebeck.de

Affiliations Institute of Medical Biometry and Statistics, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), partner site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, 20246, Germany, Center for Clinical Trials, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, 23562, Germany

Competing Interests

The Gutenberg Health Study is funded through the government of Rhineland-Palatinate („Stiftung Rheinland-Pfalz für Innovation“, contract AZ 961-386261/733), the research programs “Wissenschafft Zukunft” and “Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB)” of the Johannes Gutenberg- University of Mainz, and its contract with Boehringer Ingelheim and PHILIPS Medical Systems, including an unrestricted grant for the Gutenberg Health Study. This does not alter the authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: AZ TZ AS CM. Performed the experiments: CR CP DAT LT. Analyzed the data: CM. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: SB TZ AZ PSW. Wrote the paper: CM AS DAT TZ AZ. Acquired data: KJL PSW RBS TZ HB NP MB.