Spatial and Temporal Trends in Insecticide Resistance among Malaria Vectors in Chad Highlight the Importance of Continual Monitoring

• Geraldine Marie Foster,

  Affiliation Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Michael Coleman,

  Affiliation Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Edward Thomsen,

  Affiliation Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Hilary Ranson ,

  * E-mail: hilary.ranson@lstmed.ac.uk

  Affiliation Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

  ⨯
• Elise Yangalbé-Kalnone,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Tchomfienet Moundai,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Israel Demba Kodindo,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Amen Nakebang,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Adoum Mahamat,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, Ministère de la Santé Publique, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Mallaye Peka,

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre la Trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine, Ministère de la Santé Publique, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯
• Clement Kerah-Hinzoumbé

  Affiliation Programme National de Lutte contre le Paludisme, N’Djamena, Chad

  ⨯