The Relationship between Vessel Traffic and Noise Levels Received by Killer Whales (Orcinus orca)

• Juliana Houghton ,

  * E-mail: stephj5@uw.edu

  Affiliation School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Marla M. Holt,

  Affiliation Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Deborah A. Giles,

  Affiliation Wildlife, Fish, & Conservation Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States of America

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• M. Bradley Hanson,

  Affiliation Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Candice K. Emmons,

  Affiliation Conservation Biology Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Jeffrey T. Hogan,

  Affiliation Cascadia Research Collective, Olympia, WA, United States of America

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• Trevor A. Branch,

  Affiliation School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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• Glenn R. VanBlaricom

  Affiliations U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Seattle, WA, United States of America, School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America

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