K⁺ Excretion: The Other Purpose for Puddling Behavior in Japanese Papilio Butterflies

• Takashi A. Inoue ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  * E-mail: inoueatp@affrc.go.jp

  Affiliation Japanese National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ôwashi 1–2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305–8634, Japan

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• Tetsuo Ito ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Kibougaoka 34–19, Asahi, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 241–0624, Japan

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• Hiroshi Hagiya ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Knowledge Engineering, Tokyo City University, Tamatudzumi, Setagaya, Tokyo, 158–8557, Japan

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• Tamako Hata ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Japanese National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ôwashi 1–2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305–8634, Japan

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• Kiyoshi Asaoka ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Japanese National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ôwashi 1–2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305–8634, Japan

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• Fumio Yokohari ,

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Shichikuma 8-19-1, Jounan, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 814–0180, Japan

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• Kinuko Niihara

  Contributed equally to this work with: Takashi A. Inoue, Tetsuo Ito, Hiroshi Hagiya, Tamako Hata, Kiyoshi Asaoka, Fumio Yokohari, Kinuko Niihara

  Affiliation Department of Natural Science, Faculty of Knowledge Engineering, Tokyo City University, Tamatudzumi, Setagaya, Tokyo, 158–8557, Japan

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