Understanding Long-Term Variations in an Elephant Piosphere Effect to Manage Impacts

• Marietjie Landman ,

  * E-mail: Marietjie.landman@nmmu.ac.za

  Affiliation Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa

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• David S. Schoeman,

  Affiliations Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, DC, Queensland, Australia

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• Anthony J. Hall-Martin,

  Affiliation Hall-Martin Consulting CC, Somerset West, South Africa

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• Graham I. H. Kerley

  Affiliation Centre for African Conservation Ecology, Department of Zoology, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa

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