Why Do African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) Simulate Oestrus? An Analysis of Longitudinal Data

• Lucy A. Bates,

  Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom

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• Rosie Handford,

  Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom

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• Phyllis C. Lee,

  Affiliations Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom, Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Norah Njiraini,

  Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Joyce H. Poole,

  Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Katito Sayialel,

  Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Soila Sayialel,

  Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Cynthia J. Moss,

  Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya

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• Richard W. Byrne

  * E-mail: rwb@st-andrews.ac.uk

  Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom

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