About the Authors
- Lucy A. Bates
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Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- Rosie Handford
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Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
- Phyllis C. Lee
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Affiliations Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom, Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Norah Njiraini
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Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Joyce H. Poole
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Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Katito Sayialel
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Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Soila Sayialel
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Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Cynthia J. Moss
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Affiliation Amboseli Trust for Elephants, Nairobi, Kenya
- Richard W. Byrne
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* E-mail: rwb@st-andrews.ac.uk
Affiliation School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: LAB RWB. Performed the experiments: PCL NN JP KS SS CJM. Analyzed the data: LAB RH. Wrote the paper: LAB RWB.