About the Authors

Yilan Liao

Contributed equally to this work with: Yilan Liao, Yan Zhang

liaoyl@lreis.ac.cn (LYL); wangjf@lreis.ac.cn (WFJ)

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China, The Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China

Yan Zhang

Contributed equally to this work with: Yilan Liao, Yan Zhang

Affiliation Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China

Lei He

Affiliation Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, United States of America

Jinfeng Wang

liaoyl@lreis.ac.cn (LYL); wangjf@lreis.ac.cn (WFJ)

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China, The Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China

Xin Liu

Affiliation Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, 6845, Australia

Ningxu Zhang

Affiliations The State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China, The Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-Warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China

Bing Xu

Affiliations Chang'an University, Xi’an, 710054, China, Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing, 210023, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Author Contributions

Conceived and designed the experiments: LYL. Performed the experiments: ZY HL. Analyzed the data: LX ZNX XB. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: WJF. Wrote the paper: LX.