About the Authors

Ameeta Retzer

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research (CPROR), Institute of Applied Health Research, and Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Ruth Sayers

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The McPin Foundation, London, United Kingdom

Vanessa Pinfold

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation The McPin Foundation, London, United Kingdom

John Gibson

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The McPin Foundation, London, United Kingdom, Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Thomas Keeley

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation GlaxoSmithKline (formerly of CPROR, University of Birmingham), London, United Kingdom

Gemma Taylor

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Addiction and Mental Health Group (AIM), Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom

Humera Plappert

Roles Project administration, Supervision

Affiliation Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Bliss Gibbons

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust and Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom

Peter Huxley

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre for Mental Health and Society, Bangor University, Bangor, United Kingdom

Jonathan Mathers

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Maximillian Birchwood

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Mental Health and Wellbeing, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Melanie Calvert

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

m.calvert@bham.ac.uk

Affiliations Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research (CPROR), Institute of Applied Health Research, and Birmingham Health Partners Centre for Regulatory Science and Innovation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre and NIHR Applied Research Collaboration West Midlands, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following competing interests: VP is the research director at McPin Foundation, a registered charity (1117336). She is a board member of the MRC developing mind programme, Rethink Mental Illness clinical advisory group, THIS Institute (Cambridge University) involvement and engagement panel. McPin receives funding from a variety of sources including NIHR / UKRI research grants, evaluation commissions from other charities and universities. MC receives funding from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, the NIHR Surgical Reconstruction and Microbiology Research Centre at the University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Health Data Research UK, Innovate UK (part of UK Research and Innovation), Macmillan Cancer Support, UCB Pharma and the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). MC has received personal fees from Astellas, Daiichi Sankyo, Glaukos, Takeda, Merck, and Ferring outside the submitted work, and chairs the ISOQOL (International Society for Quality of Life Research) Best Practice for PROs in Trials Taskforce. TK is an employee of GlaxoSmithKline and completed work on this project while employed at Centre for Patient Reported Outcomes Research (CPROR), University of Birmingham (UoB). GT is currently funded by a Cancer Research UK Population Researcher Postdoctoral Fellowship award (reference: C56067/A21330). This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare.