About the Authors
- Michelle Sholzberg
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* E-mail: sholzbergm@smh.ca
Affiliations Department of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tara Gomes
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Contributed equally to this work with: Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Zhan Yao, Muhammad M. Mamdani, Andreas Laupacis
Affiliations Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- David N. Juurlink
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Contributed equally to this work with: Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Zhan Yao, Muhammad M. Mamdani, Andreas Laupacis
Affiliations Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Zhan Yao
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Contributed equally to this work with: Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Zhan Yao, Muhammad M. Mamdani, Andreas Laupacis
Affiliation Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Muhammad M. Mamdani
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Contributed equally to this work with: Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Zhan Yao, Muhammad M. Mamdani, Andreas Laupacis
Affiliations Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Andreas Laupacis
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Contributed equally to this work with: Tara Gomes, David N. Juurlink, Zhan Yao, Muhammad M. Mamdani, Andreas Laupacis
Affiliations Department of Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute for Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Competing Interests
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: MS TG DJ MM AL. Performed the experiments: MS TG ZY. Analyzed the data: MS TG DJ ZY MM AL. Wrote the paper: MS TG DJ ZY MM AL.