Fig 1.
Retrieval and analysis process of plague research literatures (2016-2025).
Fig 2.
Annual and cumulative number of plague research publications (2016-2025).
Table 1.
Top 20 institutions by the number of plague research publications (2016-2025).
Fig 3.
Research cooperation network diagram of countries publishing on plague (2016-2025).
The size of the dots reflects the number of publications, and the width of the connecting lines indicates the degree of cooperation among countries. Base map country borders and coastlines are from Natural Earth (public domain, https://www.naturalearthdata.com/about/terms-of-use/).
Fig 4.
Keyword co-occurrence clustering diagram of plague research (2016-2025).
Red represents cluster 1, green represents cluster 2, blue represents cluster 3, yellow represents cluster 4, purple represents cluster 5. The size of nodes indicates the frequency of keywords, and the thickness of connecting lines represents the strength of keyword co-occurrence.
Fig 5.
Annual variation trend of keywords in plague research (2016-2025).
Among the top 20 keywords, 17 were common to both phases, 3 appeared only in the first phase (“Yersinia” “Mouse” “Protection”), and 3 appeared only in the second phase (“Phylogenetic Analysis” “Public Health” “Madagascar”). To more clearly demonstrate keyword changes over the decade, the 26 keywords are divided into two subfigures.