Fig 1.
The Recruitment Procedure for Individuals with AIDS/TSM/TB/PCP and uncomplicated AIDS patients.
Fig 2.
The quantity of monocytes in patients with AIDS/TSM exhibited a significant reduction.
Blood routine tests were compared among AIDS/TSM, PCP, TB patients prior to treatment and the control group of AIDS and healthy people. A statistically significant reduction in the number of monocytes was observed. TSM: Talaromycosis Marneffei; PCP: Pneumocystis pneumonia; TB tuberculosis.
Fig 3.
The decline of monocytes in AIDS/TSM patients is closely related to disease progression.
A correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between monocyte counts and indicators of disease progression in these patients, such as platelet,albumin,alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. The analysis revealed a positive correlation between monocyte counts and both platelet and albumin levels, while a negative correlation was observed with ALT and AST.
Fig 4.
Clinical Predictive Value of Absolute Monocyte Count for Mortality Risk in AIDS/TSM Patients.
53 patients diagnosed with AIDS/TSM were categorized into two groups based on their clinical outcomes: a mortality group (n = 13) and a survival group (n = 40). Based on the absolute counts of two groups, we plotted ROC curves that yielded an AUC of 0.724. Additionally, the baseline absolute monocyte count was found to be a significant predictor of mortality (P = 0.0018).
Fig 5.
AIDS/TSM patients predominantly demonstrate an elevation in classical monocyte levels, accompanied by a reduction in both intermediate and non-classical monocyte populations.
A Flow cytometry analysis was conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from patients with AIDS/TSM. From CD3-CD11B+cells, monocytes were classified into classical, intermediate, and non classical types based on the expression of CD14 and CD16. B In comparison to the group with uncomplicated AIDS and the healthy control group, the analysis revealed that monocytes in AIDS/TSM patients exhibited an elevation in classical monocytes, alongside a reduction in intermediate and non-classical monocytes.
Fig 6.
Mononuclear cell levels progressively normalize following the administration of antifungal and antiretroviral therapies in AIDS/TSM patients.
AIDS/TSM patients were followed up of after antifungal and antiretroviral therapy. Mononuclear cell levels progressively rise, peaking at 28 weeks, before gradually declining and returning to levels comparable to those of the normal control group after 90 days.