Fig 1.
Colony counts of eleven B. pseudomallei strains on Ashdown agar and ACER agar.
The number of colonies of B. pseudomallei were counted at (A) 3 days and (B) 7 days of incubation at 37 °C. The experiments were performed in triplicate in three independent assays.
Fig 2.
Colony morphology of B. pseudomallei on Ashdown agar and ACER agar.
The colony morphology of B. pseudomallei 30-194-S04 was examined at 3 days and 7 days of incubation on Ashdown and ACER agar respectively.
Fig 3.
Bacterial counts of eleven B. pseudomallei strains on TBSS-C50, TBSS-C50-based erythritol medium, and ACER broth.
Eleven B. pseudomallei strains were grown statically at 37°C in TBSS-C50, TBSS-C50-based erythritol medium, and ACER broth for 2, 5, and 9 days. Each point represents one of the B. pseudomallei strains (***p < 0.001; Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test).
Fig 4.
Analytical sensitivity of real-time PCR assays for B. pseudomallei K96243.
Calibration plots of bacterial concentration (log CFU/ml) versus cycle threshold (Ct) values for the BPSS1187 and TTS1-orf2 targets across nine serial dilutions (10⁸ to 10⁰ CFU/ml).
Fig 5.
Analytical sensitivity of real-time PCR assays for 10 environmental B. pseudomallei strains.
Calibration plots of bacterial concentration (log CFU/ml) versus cycle threshold (Ct) values for BPSS1187 and TTS1-orf2 across nine serial dilutions (10⁸ to 10⁰ CFU/ml).
Table 1.
Detection of Hcp1-specific IgG among healthy individuals from seven districts in Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand.
Fig 6.
Distribution of antibody responses among 398 healthy individuals across seven districts of Amnat Charoen Province.
(A) Scatter plot of antibody responses across seven districts of Amnat Charoen province. (B) Histograms showing the distribution of antibody responses within each district and across all districts combined. The solid black line represents the cut off value (0.418), while the dashed line marks the cut off value (1.165).
Table 2.
Demographic distribution of Hcp1-specific antibody positive individuals.
Table 3.
Culture- and real-time PCR-based detection of B. pseudomallei in soil samples from three districts of Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand.
Fig 7.
Geographical distribution of B. pseudomallei detected from soil samples in Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand.
The main map highlights sampling sites within the province. Enlarged panels show culture results on Ashdown agar (top right) and ACER broth (bottom right) across three districts. Each pie chart represents the proportion of positive (red) and negative (green) samples, with size proportional to the number of samples collected (Mueang Amnat, n = 108; Pathum Ratchawongsa, n = 60; Chanuman, n = 69).
Fig 8.
Detection of B. pseudomallei in soil samples by culture and PCR methods.
Euler diagram illustrating the overlap of results among culture-based and PCR-based detection methods for 20 B. pseudomallei-positive soil samples collected in Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand.
Table 4.
Seroprevalence and culture-based detection of B. pseudomallei in household soil samples across three districts in Amnat Charoen Province, Thailand.