Table 1.
Type, class, and mechanism of all insecticides tested in this study.
Fig 1.
Map of Hong Kong showing sampling locations and ovitrap distribution.
Colored areas indicate the field populations included in the study; yellow dots mark ovitrap sites. The base map layer was derived from DATA.GOV.HK and reprocessed by Esri China (HK) Ltd. (used with permission; https://opendata.esrichina.hk/datasets/hong-kong-18-districts/explore). The map was generated on R (version 4.3.1) [57] using the sf package [58].
Table 2.
Lethal dose (expressed in mg/L) and resistance status of Ae. albopictus larvae against Bti, spinosad, temephos, and pyriproxyfen.
Fig 2.
Mortality (%) of females of Ae. albopictus from Hong Kong after 24-hour exposure to selected insecticides).
Females of Ae. albopictus were 1-hour exposured to deltamethrin, deltamethrin with 1-hour pre-exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO), permethrin, permethrin with 1-hour pre-exposure to PBO, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and malathion at diagnostic doses.
Table 3.
Distribution and frequency of non-synonymous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) domains of Ae. albopictus populations from Hong Kong.
Table 4.
Assessment of the association between Ae. albopictus genotypes and post-pyrethroids bioassays survivorship (phenotype).
Fig 3.
Examples of chromatograms showing non-synonymous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) domains of Ae. albopictus.