Table 1.
Summary of the bat-borne Bartonella isolated in this study.
Fig 1.
Phylogenetic analysis of the eight bat-borne novel Bartonella spp. of this study based on the gene of 16S rRNA (A), ftsZ (B), gltA (C) and rpoB (D), respectively.
The trees were constructed using the best nucleotide substitution model selected based on the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), with K2P+I + G4, TIM3 + F + R3, TN + F + R3, and HKY + F + R2 for 16S rRNA, gltA, rpoB, and ftsZ, respectively. The bootstrap values were 1,000. Strains identified in the present study are shown in bold font, with bootstrap values ≥50 indicated at the nodes. The branch length of the outgroup (Brucella abortus) was reduced by 30% for visualization purposes.
Table 2.
Genomic characteristics of the eight bat-borne novel Bartonella spp. of this study.
Fig 2.
Whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis of Bartonella with 545 single-copy orthologous genes using the ML method with a bootstrap value of 1,000.
Strains identified in the present study are shown in bold font, with bootstrap values ≥50 indicated at the nodes.
Table 3.
ANI and dDDH values calculated between the eight bat-borne novel Bartonella spp. of this study and currently known closely related Bartonella spp..
Fig 3.
Statistics of COG functional annotation categories for the eight bat-borne novel Bartonella spp. of this study and four representative pathogenic Bartonella strains.
The y-axis represents the proportion of annotated genes assigned to each functional category in the Bartonella genomes, while the x-axis denotes different Bartonella species, where B indicates B. bacilliformis KC583, H indicates B. henselae Houston-I, Q indicates B. quintana Toulouse, and V indicates B. vinsonii NCTC12905.
Fig 4.
Virulence factors comparison of the eight bat-borne novel Bartonella spp. of this study and 3 representative pathogenic Bartonella spp..
Solid circles indicate the presence of the virulence factor, while empty circles represent the absence of the virulence factor.
Fig 5.
Comparison and SNP analysis of the himD gene of Strains B17 and B30.
(A) Amino acid sequence alignments of HimD in strain B30 with 13 other Bartonella HimD. (B) Detailed nucleotide alignments of the himD gene in strains B17 and B30 showing the codon changes responsible for amino acid substitutions at positions 25 and 35.