Fig 1.
PRISMA flowchart for mycetoma profiling.
Fig 2.
Quality assessment of the included studies using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa criteria.
Table 1.
Summary of the main characteristics of the 72 included studies.
Table 2.
Mean percent and range of mycetoma patients reported from the reviewed studies for each sociodemographic and clinical characteristic. Where fewer than the total number of studies reported a specific category, we include the number of studies used to calculate the mean percentage in parentheses.
Fig 3.
Sociodemographic characteristics of mycetoma patients from the reviewed studies.
(a) Mean age of reported mycetoma patients, (b) percent of males and females affected by mycetoma reported, and (c) percent of mycetoma patients with reported occupations. Each point represents a study-reported value for the given characteristic; not all studies reported the same sets of characteristics, therefore, the number of points differs among different occupations (N studies reported in Table 2). Colours correspond to the x-axis labels in each panel to allow for easier differentiation of categories. Boxplots show the median and interquartile ranges of the points, and the violin plots (panels a and b) show the relative density of points across the full range, where greater width indicates higher density.
Fig 4.
Clinical characteristics of mycetoma patients from the reviewed studies.
(a) The percentage of mycetoma patients with reported involvement of each body region, and (b) the percentage of mycetoma patient outcomes reported. Each point represents a study-reported value for the given characteristic; not all studies reported the same sets of characteristics, therefore, the number of points differs among different body regions and outcomes (N studies reported in Table 2). Colours correspond to the x-axis labels in each panel to allow for easier differentiation of categories. Boxplots show the median and interquartile ranges of the points.
Table 3.
Counts of actinomycetoma, eumycetoma, not reported, and unidentified cases per country from the reviewed studies.
Fig 5.
Proportion of reported mycetoma cases where the causative organism was identified as actinomycetoma or eumycetoma per country.
Pie charts are sized by the total number of cases detected within the country. Countries are dark grey if a selected study reported mycetoma patients from that country, or light grey if none of the selected studies reported mycetoma patients from that country. Basemap source: Made in R with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ http://naturalearthdata.com/.
Fig 6.
Proportion of reported mycetoma cases where the causative organism was identified to the genus for each country.
Pie charts are sized by the total number of cases detected within the country. The pieces of the pie charts exclude patients where the causative organism was not reported or not identified to the genus level. Countries are dark grey if a selected study reported mycetoma patients from that country, or light grey if none of the selected studies included that country. Ethiopia and the United Arab Emirates did not have any isolates identified beyond the actinomycetoma and eumycetoma aetiologies, and therefore, they do not have pie charts shown here. Basemap source: Made in R with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ http://naturalearthdata.com/.