Fig 1.
Map of the study area: Debre Berhan town, Siadebrina Wayu, and Baso Worena Woredas.
Map created by the authors using QGIS v3.34.12. Base shapefiles were obtained from DIVA-GIS (https://www.diva-gis.org), derived from the GADM database. The data is publicly available for academic use and intended for non-commercial purposes.
Fig 2.
One Health sampling approach and distribution of 366 samples collected from poultry, humans, and the environment on selected poultry farms around Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, for Campylobacter investigation.
Table 1.
Occurrence and distribution of Campylobacter species across sample types from poultry farms in and around Debre Berhan town, Ethiopia (n = 366).
Table 2.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses of risk factors associated with Campylobacter prevalence in poultry in and around Debre Berhan town (n = 122).
Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses of risk factors for Campylobacter infection in humans in and around Debre Berhan Town, Ethiopia (n = 122).
Table 4.
Distribution of antimicrobial resistance among 37 C. jejuni and 9 C. coli isolates obtained from human stool, cloacal swabs, and poultry house floors samples in and around Debre Berhan, Ethiopia. Grey-highlighted rows indicate MDR isolates, defined as resistant to at least three different antibiotic classes.