Fig 1.
Map illustrating the spatial distribution of chikungunya cases in mainland Europe.
The line plot in the lower left corner of the map shows the total number of chikungunya cases recorded each year. The map was constructed using R v4.3.2 software. The basemap shapefile of mainland Europe was downloaded from the GitHub website (https://github.com/leakyMirror/map-of-europe).
Fig 2.
Demographic characteristic and temporal distribution of chikungunya cases in Europe.
(A) The proportion of cases in the corresponding age subgroup. (B) The proportion of cases in the corresponding sex subgroup. (C) Bubble plot showing the temporal distribution of age-standardized incidence rates for each country per year. Data for the Netherlands is unavailable.
Fig 3.
Sankey diagram revealing the correspondence of travel-related chikungunya cases.
The diagram shows the collected year, probable country of infection, and continents in separate columns.
Fig 4.
Meta-analysis of the different clinical manifestations of chikungunya cases.
Fig 5.
Phylogenetic and genotyping analyses.
(A) A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree based on the E1 glycoprotein. After aligned, a total of 69 publicly available chikungunya virus genomes are used in the analysis. The chikungunya virus sequences collected during the 2017 outbreak in Italy are labeled with a blue column. (B) Spatiotemporal distribution of chikungunya virus genotypes. All available genome sequences of chikungunya virus are used.