Fig 1.
Map of village locations in the study area.
The blue line represents the Chari River. All villages are clustered along the west side of the Chari River. Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @ naturalearthdata.com.
Fig 2.
Descriptives of villages included in the study analysis.
(A) Spaghetti plots of the monthly count of emerging D. medinensis in dogs in each village by enrollment status in the 2019 trial. The black line represents the mean number of worms per month over all villages. (B) Bar graph of the number and month villages began proactively tethering dogs by enrollment status in the 2019 FLBZ trial.
Fig 3.
Graphic of the different hypotheses for when FLBZ may have an effect.
(A) Hypothesized timeline of the first-generation (black text) and second-generation (blue text) life cycle of D. medinensis. (B) Timeline showing the hypothesized first- and second-generation effects of FLBZ if it kills developing L3-L5 D. medinensis within the host. (C) Timeline showing the hypothesized first- and second-generation effects of FLBZ if it had a continuous effect over six months on the developing D. medinensis within the host. (D) (Bottom) Timeline of the hypothesized second-generation effects of FLBZ if it killed developing L1s in the gravid female. (D) (Top) Timeline of the hypothesized second- and third-generation effects of FLBZ if it killed developing L1s in the gravid female worm right before emergence from the host.
Table 1.
List of fixed effects included in the candidate models.
Table 2.
AICc, ΔAICc, and AICcwi values of all candidate models.
Table 3.
Model averaged fixed effects for the count of emerging D. medinensis worms.
Fig 4.
Predicted monthly count of emerging D. medinensis worms between January 2019 through September 2021.
(A) Villages not using proactive tethering or FLBZ, (B) using only FLBZ, (C) using only proactive tethering, and (D) using both proactive tethering and FLBZ. The vertical dashed lines indicate months when FLBZ was administered to treated dogs. All predictions that include proactive tethering were set to initiate proactive tethering in April 2020.